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      Excel 中快速对比两列数据的 3 种方法
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        <p>实际工作中，你有可能遇到过这种情形：你制作了一个表，发给同事填写相关内容，所有人填完后你来汇总全部内容。</p>
<p>期间，你的同事可能增加了几行数据，或者修改了其中几个单元格，或者重新调整了数据顺序。</p>
<p>所以，在你直接复制粘贴数据前，对比新旧两列数据是很有必要的，否则不容易发现错误。今天介绍 3 种快速方法对比两列数据内容和顺序是否相同。</p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="1-使用公式"><a href="#1-使用公式" class="headerlink" title="1 使用公式"></a>1 使用公式</h2><p>为了对比两列中每一行内容和顺序都相同，我们可以使用公式逐行对比两个单元格。</p>
<p>例如，下图中需要对比每一行人员数据是否一致，在H列显示姓名不一致的单元格。在H3单元格输入以下公式，并向下复制到H11单元格：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">=IF(B3=E3,&quot;&quot;,&quot;不一致&quot;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_5cd47f5d161c0b817f1dd8805a79a903.png"></p>
<p>公式中，先用对比运算符「&#x3D;」对比两个单元格，如果相同将返回TRUE，反之返回FALSE。然后使用 <a href="/study-excel/excel-if-function/">IF 函数</a>，如果返回 FALSE，那么单元格显示「不一致」。</p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="2-使用条件格式"><a href="#2-使用条件格式" class="headerlink" title="2 使用条件格式"></a>2 使用条件格式</h2><p>使用条件格式不需要单独一列，可以直接在原有的数据列显示对比结果。</p>
<p>例如，下图中，将对比结果显示在E列。方法是：</p>
<ol>
<li>选中E列对比的区域；</li>
<li>在条件格式菜单中，点击「新建规则」；</li>
<li>其中，选择最后一项，「使用公式确定要设置格式的单元格」；</li>
<li>在下方输入框中，输入以下公式「&#x3D;NOT($E3&#x3D;$B3)」；</li>
<li>点击下方「格式」按钮，设置一填充背景色；</li>
<li>最后点击确定完成。</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_a64152fc02fb6b59ea8278cc29a022fb.png"></p>
<p>条件格式中，核心原理是对符合条件的单元格设置特别的格式。如果使用公式，那么「符合条件」指的是公式返回「TRUE」结果。所以，公式中对比两个单元格后，使用NOT函数对对比结果求反，这样不同的单元格返回TRUE。</p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="3-使用定位功能"><a href="#3-使用定位功能" class="headerlink" title="3 使用定位功能"></a>3 使用定位功能</h2><p>Excel 中定位功能有一个特别方便的方法可以对比两列数据，那就是「行内容差异单元格」。其原理是，定位两列数据中同一行内单元格不同的数据，之后可以设置格式显示不同的内容。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_7f9faf55b835432b9eaa77f4f0eb1588.png"></p>
<p>例如，还是以前面的数据为例，按以下步骤操作：</p>
<ol>
<li>选中要对比的两列数据；</li>
<li>按下「Ctrl + G」快捷键，弹出定位菜单，点击左下角「定位条件」；</li>
<li>其中，选择「行内容差异单元格」，点击确定；</li>
<li>这时已经定位选中了不同的单元格，设置背景色，可以突出显示对比结果。</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_b51f5e0ab4e4ad7831176826309a0c3a.gif"></p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h2><p>本篇介绍了如何对比两列数据内容和顺序，需要两者同时满足。公式法和条件格式法的基本思路是一致的，用公式对比。定位功能法，则利用了Excel内置的快捷功能。</p>
<p>内容和顺序一致，只是对比两列数据一种情形。在以后的内容中，将介绍更多种情形，并如何对比的方法。</p>

      
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